Wiktor,
> So it looks like this is only a numerical issue. However, adding option "-datum float" to 3dcalc did not change the results.
You can double check some voxels in the brain and make sure that those two files have roughly the same z-values.
> "3dmerge -1zscore" sounds like a very helpful command, but actually for my AFNI-format data it only works for the
> t-statistic map (brick [2]), not for the F-statistic map (brick [0]):
Actually it did. It does not change the labels, but it does convert all statistic values to z-values as shown in the sub-brick coding:
> statcode = fizt
which indicates a Z-stat sub-brick.
Gang