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3D viewing angles: |
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Roll = angle about I-S axis |
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Pitch =
angle about L-R axis (after roll rotation) |
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Yaw = angle about A-P axis (after roll and pitch) |
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Rendering is CPU and memory intensive
--- a fast computer is very desirable |
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Utility program 3dIntracranial can be
used to strip the scalp off of a T1-weighted anatomical volume. In some cases, this may need to be
done with the orig dataset, which may then be written out in Talairach
coordinates. |
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For example: |
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3dIntracranial -anat anat+tlrc
-prefix astrip |
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AFNI can now render datasets that are
stored with an arbitrary orientation and voxel size |
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Datasets are internally re-oriented
(see 3dresample) to axial slice order, so that cut directions make
sense. This may take a few
seconds, depending on the computer. |
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Note that axial slice order is the
standard for ÔwarpedÕ datasets written out to disk in +acpc or +tlrc
coordinates. |
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The Overlay dataset may also be
resampled, so that its grid spacing matches that of the Underlay dataset. |
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In Talairach view, open the rendering
plugin, and choose astrip+tlrc as the underlay dataset |
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Plugin will load the voxel values,
build the histogram, and then be ready to render |
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Press Draw to make your first image |
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Press Accumulate, then DynaDraw, then Roll
t
a few times |
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Will generate renderings from different
angles (i.e., lines of sight) |
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If DynaDraw is off, then you must press
Draw to get a new rendering |
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Accumulate on Þ rendered images are saved, and can be reviewed by
using the image viewer slider |
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This slider does not move you through
slices, as it does in the 2D image viewing windows |
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It just moves you backward and forward
in the history of saved rendered images |
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If you turn Accumulate off, then
creating the next rendered image will erase the history |
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By default, the pluginÕs controls
(ÔwidgetsÕ) do not change as you move around in the rendering history |
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Selecting ScriptˆLoad widgets will make the widgets display the settings they had when
the currently displayed image was rendered |
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Most cutout types are controlled by a
single numerical parameter determining the position of the cutout |
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Right of ÕxÕ means to cut out all voxels to the right of
the given x-coordinates (-x is Right, +x is Left) |
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Similarly, can cutout everything
Anterior to, Posterior to, or Superior to, Inferior to, or Left of a given
coordinate position |
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BehindÉ, BelowÉ, FrontÉ, AboveÉ cut out 45o
diagonally slanted half-spaces, with respect to the listed planes: |
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For example, Above AS-PI is above a
plane |
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that slants from the
Anterior-Superior front |
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of the brain downwards to the
Posterior- |
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Inferior back of the brain -- that
is, halfway |
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between a coronal and axial slice |
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TT Ellipsoid cuts out the region outside an ellipsoid
with the same proportions as the Talairach-Tournoux
Atlas brain |
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This is fun, but not much use |
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Cutout type Expr > 0 defines the
region to be removed by a general mathematical expression, rather than a
single parameter |
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The expression uses the same syntax as 3dcalc |
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Variables that can be used are ÔxÕ,
ÔyÕ, and ÔzÕ, corresponding to spatial coordinates in the dataset |
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When using Automate (infra), variable
ÔtÕ can also be used |
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The (x, y, z) locations where the
expression evaluates to a positive number will be cut out |
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Example: rendering a slab tilted at an
arbitrary angle between coronal (xz-plane) and axial (xy-plane): |
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The set of points within the slab is
described by the inequality |
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•y á cos(a) - z á sin(a) -s• < 1/2w |
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for angle=a, slab center offset=s,
and slab width=w. To render a
slanted coronal slab 30 mm thick, tilted posteriorly from the vertical of 25o,
we would use this for the cutout expression: |
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abs(y*cosd(25)-z*sind(25)-20)-15 |
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where the sind() and cosd()
functions take arguments in degrees, and where the offset has been set to 20
mm (you will have to alter this offset to get the exact position you want) |
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By using Automate and setting the angle
(25 above) and/or the offset (20 above) to depend on ÔtÕ, we can make a
sequence of images where the slab rotates downwards and/or moves backwards |
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Color Opacity lets you select the opacity of colored voxels
(those that are above the threshold) |
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Opacity of overlaid voxels is different
from the opacity it would have from the underlay dataset at that location |
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Usually want this to be high (0.5 or
above) |
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Tow special values on this menu: |
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Underlay means that the colored voxelÕs opacity will be
determined by the opacity that it would have from the underlay image |
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ShowThru means that colored voxels show through underlay
voxels (the Ôglass brainÕ effect), no matter how opaque the underlay is |
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Takes some practice to become
accustomed to this type of image |
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But can be a very useful way to see
lots of activation at once: |