2.3. VLPFC (area 12l)¶
VLPFC (area 12l)
Area 12l of Carmichael and Price, 1994 corresponds to part of area 12 in Walker, 1940 and 47/12 of Petrides and Pandya (2002) studies. It is located ventral to area 45a, lateral to orbital area 12o, and caudal to 12r (see also Saleem et al., 2014, their Fig. 1).
2.3.1. Images¶
area 12l histology sections courtesy of brainmaps.org
2.3.2. Architectonic delineation¶
(Carmichael and Price 1994; Petrides and Pandya 2002; Saleem and Logothetis 2012)
| Architectonic Delineation | |
|---|---|
| Nissl | Sharply laminated, granular field Prominent sublamination of layer V Area 12l is bordered dorsally by area 45a, which can be distinguished by a population of very large pyramidal neurons in the deep layer III (IIIB). |
| Parvalbumin (PV) | Many darkly stained PV immunoreactive (PV+) cells in layers III and IV and lightly stained PV+ cells in other cellular layers. |
| SMI-32 | More densely stained immunoreactive pyramidal neurons in layers III and V. |
2.3.3. Connections¶
Find more info on Area 12l connections at the following link
(Carmichael and Price 1995, 1996; Petrides and Pandya 2002; Saleem et al., 2008, 2014)
| Type | Connections |
|---|---|
| Intrinsic | Area 12l is connected with other VLPFC areas 46v, 12r, 45a, 45b, and 44, and orbitofrontal areas 11l, 12m, 13m/l, and Iam, Iapm, Ial, and 12o. |
| Extrinsic | The major (dense and moderate) extrinsic connections are with:
The minor connections are with:
|
2.3.4. Functions¶
Assessment and convergence of sensory information, including the processing of objects and faces, and has also been thought to be involved in object working memory and memory retrieval ( Wilson et al., 1993; O Scalaidhe et al., 1997; Asaad et al., 1998; Levy and Goldman-Rakic, 2000; Passingham et al., 2000; Cadoret and Petrides, 2007; Tsao et al., 2008)._
2.3.5. Homologue area in human¶
Area 12l in macaque corresponds to part of area 47 (Brodmann 1909) or 47/12 (Petrides et al., 2012) in human.
area 12l macaque human comparison
2.3.6. References¶
Asaad WF, Rainer G, Miller EK. 1998. Neural activity in the primate prefrontal cortex during associative learning. Neuron 21:1399–1407. PubLink
Brodmann K. Vergleichende Lokalisationslehre der Grosshirnrinde in ihren Prinzipien dargestellt auf Grund des Zellenbaues. Leipzig: Barth, 1909.
Cadoret G, Petrides M. 2007. Ventrolateral prefrontal neuronal activity related to active controlled memory retrieval in nonhuman primates. Cereb Cortex 17:i27–i40. PubLink
Carmichael, ST, Price JL. 1994 Architectonic subdivision of the orbital and medial prefrontal cortex in the macaque monkey. J. Comp Neurol 346:366-402. PubLink
Carmichael, ST, Price JL. 1995. Sensory and premotor connections of the orbital premotor cotrex of macaque monkeys. J. Comp Neurol 363:642-664. PubLink
Carmichael ST, Price JL. 1996. Connectional networks within the orbital and medial prefrontal cortex of macaque monkeys. J Comp Neurol 371:179–207. PubLink
Levy R, Goldman-Rakic PS. 2000. Segregation of working memory functions within the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex. Exp Brain Res 133:23–32. PubLink
O’Scalaidhe SP, Wilson FA, Goldman-Rakic PS. 1997. Areal segregation of face-processing neurons in prefrontal cortex. Science 278:1135-1138. Petrides M. 2014. Neuroanatomy of language regions of the human brain. Academic Press, San Diego. PubLink
Passingham RE, Toni I, Rushworth MF. 2000. Specialization within the prefrontal cortex: the ventral prefrontal cortex and associative learning. Exp Brain Res 133:103–113. PubLink
Petrides M, Pandya DN. 2002. Comparative cytoarchitectonic analysis of the human and the macaque ventrolateral prefrontal cortex and corticocortical connection patterns in the monkey. Eur J Neurosci 16:291-310. PubLink
Petrides M, Tomaiuolo F, Yeterian EH, Pandya DN. 2012. The prefrontal cortex: comparative architectonic organization in the human and the macaque monkey brains. Cortex 48:46-57. PubLink
Saleem KS, Logothetis NK. 2012. A combined MRI and histology atlas of the rhesus monkey brain in stereotaxic coordinates. 2nd edition with horizontal, coronal, and sagittal series. San Diego: Academic Press/Elsevier.
Saleem KS, Kondo H, Price JL. 2008. Complementary circuits connecting the orbital and medial prefrontal networks with the temporal, insular, and opercular cortex in the macaque monkey. J Comp Neurol 506:659-693. PubLink
Saleem KS, Miller B, Price JL. 2014. Subdivisions and connectional networks of the lateral prefrontal cortex in the macaque monkey. J Comp Neurol 522:1641-1690. PubLink
Tsao DY, Schweers N, Moeller S, Freiwald WA. 2008. Patches of face selective cortex in the macaque frontal lobe. Nat Neurosci 11:877-879. PubLink
Walker AE. 1940. J. Comp Neurol 73:59–86. PubLink
Wilson FA, O’Scalaidhe SP, Goldman-Rakic PS. 1993. Dissociation of object and spatial processing domains in primate prefrontal cortex. Science 260:1955–1958. PubLink