Usage: 3dmaskdump [options] dataset dataset ...
Writes to an ASCII file values from the input datasets
which satisfy the mask criteria given in the options.
If no options are given, then all voxels are included.
This might result in a GIGANTIC output file.
Options:
-mask mset Means to use the dataset 'mset' as a mask:
Only voxels with nonzero values in 'mset'
will be printed from 'dataset'. Note
that the mask dataset and the input dataset
must have the same number of voxels.
-mrange a b Means to further restrict the voxels from
'mset' so that only those mask values
between 'a' and 'b' (inclusive) will
be used. If this option is not given,
all nonzero values from 'mset' are used.
Note that if a voxel is zero in 'mset', then
it won't be included, even if a < 0 < b.
-index Means to write out the dataset index values.
-noijk Means not to write out the i,j,k values.
-xyz Means to write the x,y,z coordinates from
the 1st input dataset at the start of each
output line. These coordinates are in
the 'RAI' (DICOM) order.
-o fname Means to write output to file 'fname'.
[default = stdout, which you won't like]
-cmask 'opts' Means to execute the options enclosed in single
quotes as a 3dcalc-like program, and produce
produce a mask from the resulting 3D brick.
Examples:
-cmask '-a fred+orig[7] -b zork+orig[3] -expr step(a-b)'
produces a mask that is nonzero only where
the 7th sub-brick of fred+orig is larger than
the 3rd sub-brick of zork+orig.
-cmask '-a fred+orig -expr 1-bool(k-7)'
produces a mask that is nonzero only in the
7th slice (k=7); combined with -mask, you
could use this to extract just selected voxels
from particular slice(s).
Notes: * You can use both -mask and -cmask in the same
run - in this case, only voxels present in
both masks will be dumped.
* Only single sub-brick calculations can be
used in the 3dcalc-like calculations -
if you input a multi-brick dataset here,
without using a sub-brick index, then only
its 0th sub-brick will be used.
* Do not use quotes inside the 'opts' string!
-xbox x y z Means to put a 'mask' down at the dataset (not DICOM)
coordinates of 'x y z' mm.
Notes: * By default, this box is 1 voxel wide in each direction,
rounding to the closest voxel center to the given single
coordinate.
Alternatively, one can specify a range of coordinates
using colon ':' as a separator; for example:
-xbox 22:27 31:33 44
means a box from (x,y,z)=(22,31,44) to (27,33,44).
Use of the colon makes the range strict, meaning voxels
outside the exact range will be omitted. Since 44 is
not specified with a range, the closest z coordinate
to 44 is used, while the x and y coordinates are strict.
* Dataset coordinates are NOT the coordinates you
typically see in AFNI's main controller top left corner.
Those coordinates are typically in either RAI/DICOM order
or in LPI/SPM order and should be used with -dbox and
-nbox, respectively.
-dbox x y z Means the same as -xbox, but the coordinates are in
RAI/DICOM order (+x=Left, +y=Posterior, +z=Superior).
If your AFNI environment variable AFNI_ORIENT is set to
RAI, these coordinates correspond to those you'd enter
into the 'Jump to (xyz)' control in AFNI, and to
those output by 3dclust.
NOTE: It is possible to make AFNI and/or 3dclust output
coordinates in an order different from the one specified
by AFNI_ORIENT, but you'd have to work hard on that.
In any case, the order is almost always specified along
with the coordinates. If you see RAI/DICOM, then use
-dbox. If you see LPI/SPM then use -nbox.
-nbox x y z Means the same as -xbox, but the coordinates are in
LPI/SPM or 'neuroscience' order where the signs of the
x and y coordinates are reversed relative to RAI/DICOM.
(+x=Right, +y=Anterior, +z=Superior)
-ibox i j k Means to put a 'mask' down at the voxel indexes
given by 'i j k'. By default, this picks out
just 1 voxel. Again, you can use a ':' to specify
a range (now in voxels) of locations.
Notes: * Boxes are cumulative; that is, if you specify more
than 1 box, you'll get more than one region.
* If a -mask and/or -cmask option is used, then
the INTERSECTION of the boxes with these masks
determines which voxels are output; that is,
a voxel must be inside some box AND inside the
mask in order to be selected for output.
* If boxes select more than 1 voxel, the output lines
are NOT necessarily in the order of the options on
the command line.
* Coordinates (for -xbox, -dbox, and -nbox) are relative
to the first dataset on the command line.
* It may be helpful to slightly pad boxes, to be sure they
contain the desired voxel centers.
-xball x y z r Means to put a ball (sphere) mask down at dataset
coordinates (x,y,z) with radius r.
-dball x y z r Same, but (x,y,z) are in RAI/DICOM order.
-nball x y z r Same, but (x,y,z) are in LPI/SPM order.
Notes: * The combined (set UNION) of all ball and/or box masks
is created first. Then, if a -mask and/or -cmask
option was used, then the ball+box mask will be
INTERSECTED with the existing mask.
* Balls not centered over voxels, or those applied to
anisotropic volumes may not appear symmetric.
* Consider slight padding to handle truncation.
-nozero Means to skip output of any voxel where all the
data values are zero.
-n_rand N_RAND Means to keep only N_RAND randomly selected
voxels from what would have been the output.
-n_randseed SEED Seed the random number generator with SEED,
instead of the default seed of 1234
-niml name Means to output data in the XML/NIML format that
is compatible with input back to AFNI via
the READ_NIML_FILE command.
* 'name' is the 'target_name' for the NIML header
field, which is the name that will be assigned
to the dataset when it is sent into AFNI.
* Also implies '-noijk' and '-xyz' and '-nozero'.
-quiet Means not to print progress messages to stderr.
Inputs after the last option are datasets whose values you
want to be dumped out. These datasets (and the mask) can
use the sub-brick selection mechanism (described in the
output of '3dcalc -help') to choose which values you get.
Each selected voxel gets one line of output:
i j k val val val ....
where (i,j,k) = 3D index of voxel in the dataset arrays,
and val = the actual voxel value. Note that if you want
the mask value to be output, you have to include that
dataset in the dataset input list again, after you use
it in the '-mask' option.
* To eliminate the 'i j k' columns, use the '-noijk' option.
* To add spatial coordinate columns, use the '-xyz' option.
N.B.: This program doesn't work with complex-valued datasets!
INPUT DATASET NAMES
-------------------
This program accepts datasets that are modified on input according to the
following schemes:
'r1+orig[3..5]' {sub-brick selector}
'r1+orig<100..200>' {sub-range selector}
'r1+orig[3..5]<100..200>' {both selectors}
'3dcalc( -a r1+orig -b r2+orig -expr 0.5*(a+b) )' {calculation}
For the gruesome details, see the output of 'afni -help'.
++ Compile date = Dec 17 2024 {AFNI_24.3.10:linux_ubuntu_24_64}
